7 Tips to Manage Your Education Time Successfully

You are in a never-ending battle with laziness, distraction, and lack of motivation. Modern novelties such as mobile phones, social networks, and other accessible online entertainments steal your time even more than before. Almost every student is constantly losing this fight and waste precious hours on something senseless but catchy. After a few months of studying, we realize the importance of productivity. Hard-working people who allocate their time to each activity properly are always a step ahead of those who cant do this. They receive better grades in college, feel less stress and can find any spare minute for their hobbies. So, emerges the question: is there an efficient solution to be more productive these days? Fortunately, the way out exists, and even more than only one. We collected several life-hacks for better time-management and self-inspiration. Enjoy! 1. Adhere to the Plan or Why Schedules are Better than To-do Lists Create a plan for one or two semesters at the beginning of the academic year. Clarify your goals which you would like to achieve during this period of time. Moreover, it is significant to designate the certain timeframe allotted for their accomplishment. In turn, make up a schedule for each day before you go to bed. A classical schedule is preferable over a to-do list due to several reasons: Students spend a lot of time for completing the first point from the list without taking into account the others. As at the end of the day they usually finish only a few of them. The schedule allocates the certain intervals for each task and even for breaks. It allows you managing all the points of a plan. Dont pretend you can do everything within a day or something beyond your skills quickly. Try to manage your schedule according to your current abilities and reckon for emergencies. 2. Check Pomodoro Method and Other Apps for Time-Management Put your phone to good use: download some helpful applications such as Pomodoro. This method was created long before its digital analog, in the 1980s by Francesco Cirillo. Nowadays, it is quite a popular technique among successful and passionate people. The application divides your time into 30-minutes periods; each consists of 25 minutes of working called pomodoro and 5 minutes of rest. After completion of 4 pomodoros, you are allowed to take 15-20 minute break. At the first stages of mastering Pomodoro technique, students stumble upon impulses towards procrastination or switching the task from current to another one. It is a normal adaptation process: after passing through it, you will notice the changes in your work or study efficiency. Strict timing will not afford you to sit around. However, if you found this method not very suitable for you, it is ok. You can try different applications considered as productivity boosters: Carrot, Cram, iTunes, Infinite Storm and many other free and paid programs which can help you with your intentions. 3. Morning Exercises and Evening Walks The morning workout is a great way to start your day productively. Physical activity has a positive impact on brain: during the exercises and sports sessions, your brain produces certain hormones (for instance, endorphins) that improve your mood and make you happier. It also reduces symptoms of stress and depression enhancing your self-confidence and vitality. Evening walks, in turn, normalize sleep and give you a burst of inspiration. Good sleep and motivation are the essentials of successful studying. 4. Put the Phone Away If you are not going to use timers or applications like Pomodoro, turn your airplane mode on your mobile phone. Of course, you can use the internet during studying but close all tabs not related to your particular task. News and social media are your worst enemies, so it is better to avoid contact with this kind of information within a working day. 5. Clean Your Room It may seem unreal, but there is a direct connection between messy room and procrastination. Every time you are surrounded by disorganized space, your mind is getting distracted by objects in disorder. Furthermore, the messy room and the lack of motivation for cleaning create a harmful setting: If I dont clean my area in time, I can break the deadlines in college (university, workplace) too. The place where you live somehow describes you. In this case, it is not in a positive way. The clean room, for its part, doesnt provide you with the details to get distracted by. Each thing is in its appropriate workplace: this inspires you on being focused on what you have to do. 6. Organize the Separate Place for Studying Some students are studying in their bed. Even though a few of them feel more comfortable in relaxing atmosphere, the majority cant cope with a confusing feeling. This space is usually associated with sleeping or relaxation and almost never with hard work. Your brain automatically switches to resting regime, and you cant help it. That is why it is recommended to work at the table. 7. Normalize Your Sleep A lack of good sleep leads to quick exhaustion. Doing more to the disadvantage of the rest is harmful to both health and productivity in the long run. Sleep not less than 6-8 hours per day depending on your individual needs. Another issue concerning sleep is it irregularity and shift to morning hours. Students prefer going to bed around 1-3am instead of finishing all the chores before the beginning of a new day. It has been already proved by scientists that falling asleep between 10pm and 12am is the healthiest habit ever. It is even possible to reduce sleep time after a while adhering to such a regime, and combining it with the healthy diet. Practice and try to change your old life habits to the new one. But not all at once: start with 1-2 tips mentioned above gradually expanding this list of principles and become super productive during your college year.

Parsing Dickens

Parsing Dickens Parsing Dickens Parsing Dickens By Maeve Maddox A reader, reacting to a recent post about parsing, responded with this literary reflection: Two sentences from Dickens Bleak House, chapter one, confuse me as to how to parse them.   [The rain in London has been heavy and the streets a running with mud.] Dogs, undistinguishable in mire. Horses, scarcely better; splashed to their very blinkers. Its the genius of Dickens that the reader must visualize mud everywhere and dogs running in and out of crowded streets with horses hooves splattering mud into the air with every step. If hed written in standard formal English, the reader could simply note the story fact for future reference in case dirty dog and dirty horses might be important. You can see the Londoners trying to avoid the dogs and step into flying muck from the passing horses. Read more carefully, and you can hear it, smell it, and even taste the air. But how the Dickenspun intendeddo you parse it? My first reaction to this email was admiration for the reader’s fine appreciation of Dickens, master of the inspired sentence fragment. My second reaction was, why would anyone want to parse Dickens? But, since the question was asked, my answer is, â€Å"very easily.† Dogs- noun, subject of the fragment undistinguishable- adjective, qualifies â€Å"dogs† in- preposition, governs â€Å"mire† mire- noun, object of the preposition â€Å"in† Horses- noun, subject of the fragment scarcely- adverb, modifies adjective â€Å"better† better- adjective qualifies â€Å"horses† splashed- past participle used as adjective to describe â€Å"horses† to- preposition governs â€Å"blinkers† their- possessive adjective, qualifies â€Å"blinkers† very- adjective qualifies â€Å"blinkers† ​blinkers- noun, object of preposition to​ A complete sentence has a subject and a verb; a fragment usually has one or the other. In modern usage, very is almost always used as an adverb, but it can also function as an adjective. For example, â€Å"The sailors mutinied for very hunger.† In the Dickens example, very serves to emphasize the extremity of the blinkers from the horse’s feet, which could be expected to be covered with mud. It’s nice to know that Dickens is still being read for pleasure and with aesthetic appreciation. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Examples of Passive Voice (And How To Fix Them)The Possessive ApostrophePlurals of Proper Names

Discusion Board Own Opinion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discusion Board Own Opinion - Essay Example From an idealism perspective you have some nations fighting for their religion, or they use their religion as a pretext for war. You have other nations fighting for resources. America has always maintained, in any conflict it was involved in that they fight for the right of all humans to be free. I think the question that should be asked is why is America the only country that thinks it knows how to define freedom? Roosevelt was lucky, if you can call it that, that America’s economy lifted at a time when his policies of higher taxes and more jobs were stripping the country of any leisure spending. In his case the tax payers didn’t have a choice – they either paid taxes to pay for welfare programs, or to put people into work which amounted to the same thing. Obama, despite saying that he wants to follow FDR seems to think he can do the same thing but in a â€Å"different† way. The debate isn’t so much that Obama or FDR were right or wrong, but rather what system if any has ever been right. Economists say now that less than 5% of the population of America have 40% of the wealth. The rich-poor divide just keeps getting bigger and is now being seen on a global scale. But while there is still only two major parties in any democratic government voters only have two choices – left or right. Obama’s attempt to put himself in the middle is likely to backfire because when you are sitting in the middle you can get blasted from both sides. How is America’s current relationship with developing countries different from America’s relationship with the third world during the cold war? Is it different at all? What issues divide America and developing countries today? During the cold war America had a very clear policy about right and wrong – you were either a communist loving country, or you weren’t and America was helpful to any country that could show they were not allied with

Critically assess the main implications of globalisation for HRM, and Essay - 1

Critically assess the main implications of globalisation for HRM, and analyse the future challenges for people management within - Essay Example The main implications of globalization for HRM are in terms of people management and in taking care of the day to day affairs of the organization, which essentially mentions where shortcomings and apprehensions arise and how best to do away them in a convenient way (Richter, 2006). This paper highlights how globalization has affected HRM and how several employee levels within an organization work to their best possible levels to bring that vital change which is much needed. Also significance is laid on different premises like cultural manifestations, people to people linkages, role of top management and specialists, and the usage of resources for the overall betterment of the organizations and the productivity basis of the employees in the long run. It is significant to first define how globalization has affected HRM. With the advent of time and age, globalization has influenced each and every segment of life and professional domains are no exception to this rule. Similarly, HRM gets its basis from the professional regimes where emphasis is on getting the job done for the sake of people management, which includes recruiting, firing and so on. ... The main implications of globalization for HRM depend a great deal on how globalization is viewed in essence and how it is able to resolve the ambiguities which stand in the way of HRM dependence. There is a dire need to comprehend the fact that HRM will take care of all such nuances if handled in an amicable fashion. Also the manner in which HRM will manifest its truest role is something that goes to show how things are deemed as important under the aegis of the workplace discussions. Globalization has indeed come out as an eye-opener for many organizations around the world and it is for this reason that there are immensely significant pointers that shall be discussed and delved deep upon in this paper. When HRM is seen from a global perspective, different employees are hired who belong to distinctive cultures from around the world. How they are managed is an interesting phenomenon which needs to be seen from the organizational and industrial standpoints. These employees do find it hard to adjust within various workplace locations yet are always willing to bring a change within their personalities and domains to suit the needs and requirements of the organizations they work for. The earnestness on their part to bring about a change is always present. The need is to comprehend how to set things right within the organizational settings so that HRM presents a true picture. Globally speaking, HRM is always given preference within an organization because it creates an instructional basis for the employees and tells them the difference between the right and the wrong. It is a fact that those organizations which have many employees on board usually look up to their HRM domains in order to bring sanity within recruitment, day to day people management and

Foreign Policies Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Foreign Policies Japan - Essay Example We then conclude that such an investment scenario does exist in Japan and give recommendations for the investment. Japan was a much maligned nation during the World War II (WW2) and prior to that. It was only after the end of WW2 did Japan began to consolidate its economic progress more seriously. Although the bombing at Nagasaki and Hiroshima did bring the WW2 to an end, the economy of Japan was shaken to such an extent that it had to restart from scratch. From the formation of its constitution, in 1947,1 Japan it has made rapid strides in the field of science and technology. With the current scenario on globalization of economy and with many countries opening up, the world economy is poised for a rapid change. Before we embark on the current scenario let us delve into Japan's past to see how Japan became a global power. It is widely assumed that the promulgation of Charter of Oath in 1868 2 provided the impetus for the growth of modern Japan. The then Meiji emperor emerged to be a major unifying factor promoting a series of radical reforms aimed at improving the conditions of Japan. 3 The Meiji rulers emphasized on improving the basic infrastructure of Japan and strengthened their foreign policies with the US and other European countries. These reforms laid the foundation for Japan to emerge a global power in subsequent years. The emergence of WW1 saw Japan b... 4 The interim period between the two World Wars saw Japan go through a major political upheaval and the economy was in shambles. Nevertheless the Japanese export increased despite the Depression in the US. 5 The WW2 saw, once again the emergence of Japan was a major military power. The atomic bombings reduced Japan to shambles and the Japan surrendered to the mighty Allied Forces on 2nd September 1945 on board the U.S.S. Missouri in Tokyo Bay. 6 "Throughout the postwar period, Japan's economy continued to boom, with results far outstripping expectations. Japan rapidly caught up with the West in foreign trade, gross national product (GNP), and general quality of life. These achievements were underscored by the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games and the Osaka International Exposition (Expo '70) world's fair in 1970." 7 Foreign policy of Japan Major foreign policies were drafted in Japan as early as mid-nineteenth century until the Tokugawa seclusion 8 was breached by the US Navy in 1853-54. This prompted the Japanese to embark on a policy of rising on par with the Western economy. "Beginning with the Meiji Restoration of 1868, which ushered in a new, centralized regime, Japan set out to "gather wisdom from all over the world" and embarked on an ambitious program of military, social, political, and economic reforms that transformed it within a generation into a modern nation-state and major world power." 9 In 1952, Japan became a sovereign nation and wanted to pursue economic goals and establish itself as a peace loving nation within the world community. These were the initial foreign policy goals during the early 50's. Gradually, with the passing of the Cold War era, the Japanese concentrated on its economic goals rather than

The effect of mobile phones

The effect of mobile phones Introduction The life of human beings has changed a great deal in the past 10 years. One of the most life changing gadgets is the mobile phone which has allowed us to do so much. Mobile phones can be used to: leave notes for yourself and or for others Listening to music on the go Looking at pictures Taking pictures / Taking videos Making a video call Make phone calls from anywhere in the World Playing games Go on social networking sites ( Facebook, Bebo and MySpace) Surf the internet How does all this affect us (the users)? I am investigating the positive and negative effect of mobile phones on the user because mobile phones are used so much now and mobile phones are also known to cause some problems. Recently, the media have published stories linking mobile phones to the development of brain tumours. Positive Leaving notes for yourself and/or other people can be used in your business e.g. must look up how recycling has changed. Or used in your personal life e.g. put washing up away. Listening to music on the go is positive because it can help people to relax; some people believe that it helps them to walk/run faster; some people say it helps them to concentrate if they are revising. Looking at pictures is good because it entertains some people especially if its a funny picture, theres a saying that goes â€Å"right time right place† and to remember what happened e.g. meeting someone famous, some people take pictures on their mobile phones to be creative like photographers Taking pictures / videos is good because you can use it for evidence in accidents car crashes and in other crimes like in robberies to record what they were saying and or what they took and or what they are doing. Videos can also be used to record lovely events like a babys first steps. Do a video call is good because it is basically a mini web cam so you can contact anyone in a different country either for personal or professional reasons. Making phone calls is one of the most effective uses of a mobile phone because you can use your phone in different countries to ring anywhere in the World for either business uses or to make personal calls to family members and friends. Playing games is good because it gives you time to relax from your day and is a way of socialising with your friends and contacts. Negative The negative aspects of mobile phones include excessive use of text language can mean that some people have little idea on the correct spelling and grammar to use in normal writing. Also text language can be very confusing and some people may not be able to understand a message e.g. â€Å"hey il brb r u in 2day† which means â€Å"hey I will be right back, are you in today?† Listening to music on the go can have a negative effect because if someone is listening to music on their bike it might make it more relaxing to ride but it cuts you off from what is happening around you so you might not hear the siren of an emergency vehicle, or another road user sounding their horn as a warning and even traffic noise that would warn you that buses or lorries were near you. Looking at pictures is negative because it can distract people walking on the pavement and if they suddenly walk into the road they could cause an accident. Taking pictures/videos could be negative because someone could use them in activities such as crime and/ or violence related (e.g. happy slaps). Making a video call can be negative because it can be used anywhere which can distract people especially if its in a public place which is very busy e.g. Oxford street. The negative aspects of making phone calls is because it costs too much to make one phone call from one country to another country e.g. England to Australia would normally cost 50p upward for one minute and even to receive a phone call when you are abroad costs you money. Playing games can be negative because it can waste your time so much e.g. you will start to play a game at 10:00 am and the next time you check the time it could be 5:00 pm and you wonder where the time has gone to. Recently medical research has indicated that using a mobile phone can lead to the following illnesses particularly in young users: Brain tumour: a brain tumour can be caused by using a mobile phone for too long which can cause the brain to warm up Joint pains: Many mobile phone users complain of Neck pain, Thumb pain, Wrist pain and Elbow pain  · Damage to babies: damage to babies can be caused by a woman using a mobile phone when pregnant and putting the phone on her stomach it can cause hyperactivity and difficulties with conduct, emotions and relationships. * Memory loss: a university of Washington was researching on cell phones and they have discovered that rats exposed to cell phone microwaves suffer long-term memory loss Headaches: Headaches can be cause by putting your mobile phone on a loud volume when talking to someone and if youre listening to music with earphones in Scientists disagree on the effects of using mobile phones, some researchers suggest that mobile phones should come with a Government health warning but government officials from the Defence, Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA) have advised the public â€Å"not to be alarmed by reports that mobile phones cause health problems† they stated that some experiments have been carried out on rats which indicated adverse health effects but that further research was necessary to produce evidence-based recommendations. However they also stated that it was sensible to reduce excessive use of mobile phones. After stating the positive and negative effects that using mobile phones can have on a persons way of life, I have made a technical drawing to show how I would improve the design of mobile phones so that the negative effects could be reduced and to boost the positive effects. HOW I WOULD CHANGE THE WAY MOBILE PHONES ARE DESIGNED I would change how mobile phones are designed because as I am doing products design A level, I can look at products with a critical eye. I decided to draw an exploded mobile phone. I will write what I would do or change: I would use Polymorph because it would be easier to use as the outer layer which means that you could shape it any way you want so it can be shaped like your fingers and or hands which should help people texting. I would use acrylic because it would be easy to use as the buttons and you can cut them out using a laser cutter which means they can be cut to any size and any shape (if it wasnt a touch screen phone) Instead of having a screen and a keypad i would make it so the phone was a touch screen so u can have it both qwerty (horizontal) and normal(vertical) pad

Rushdie, Postmodernism & Postcolonialism :: Essays Papers

Rushdie, Postmodernism & Postcolonialism Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children, published in 1980, was perhaps the seminal text in conceiving opinions as to interplay of post-modern and post-colonial theory. The title of the novel refers to the birth of Saleem Sinai, the novel’s principal narrator, who is born at midnight August 15th 1947, the precise date of Indian independence. From this remarkable coincidence we are immediately drawn to the conclusion that the novel’s concerns are of the new India, and how someone born into this new state of the ‘Midnight’s child’, if you will, interacts with this post-colonial state. To characterise the novel as one merely concerned with post-colonial India, and its various machinations, is however a reductive practice. While the novel does at various times deal with what it is to be Indian, both pre and post 1947, it is a much more layered and interesting piece of work. Midnight’s Children’s popularity is such that it was to be vote d 25th in a poll conducted by the Guardian, listing the 100 best books of the last century, and was also to receive the Booker Prize in 1981 and the coveted ‘Booker of Bookers’ in 1993. http://www.bookerprize.co.uk/ Why Midnight’s Children is much more than of interest to the reader interested in post-colonialism, is possibly due to its strong elements of magic realism, a literary device that goes hand in hand with postmodernism. Perhaps the most notable exponent of magic realism in literature is the Colombian author Gabriel Garcia Marquez, whose One Hundred Years of Solitude written in 1967 came to be seen as the standard bearer for the genre. Marquez was an undoubted influence on Rushdie’s work and in Midnight’s Children in particular, which was to adopt many of the surrealist ‘flights of fancy’ which characterise One Hundred Years of Solitude. The term was first used in a wider post-colonialist context in an essay by Jacques Stephen Alexis, of the ‘Magical Realism of the Haitians’ (Alexis 1956), although the term itself had been in circulation since Franz Roh the German art critic coined it in 1925. Yet the term only became popularised when it was employed to characterise the work of South American writers such as Marquez. More recently the term has come to refer to the inclusion of any mythic material from local written or oral culture used in contemporary narrative. The material is often used to examine the assumptions of Western narrative, which is usually categorised by its rationality and strict linearity.

Falsifiability of the Big Bang Theory Essay

In one of Karl Raimund Popper’s works, he discussed the demarcation that differentiate the sciences from the non-sciences or those that are merely subjects of faith and pseudo-sciences. Popper believes that sciences are falsifiable. If something can be falsified it can be considered as a science. He argued that unlike the work of Einstein which is â€Å"capable of conflicting with possible, or conceivable, observations†, the works of Freud, Marx and Adler proves every event as compatible to their theories which in Popper’s argument was not scientific. No matter what the situation is, Freud, Marx and Adler would explain it in terms of their theory which is somehow a subjective way of explaining or looking into things. For instance, a selfish capitalist could be analyzed as someone who was fixated to a certain Freudian psychosexual stage or was suffering from Adler’s concept of inferiority. Marx would analyze the man from a class-struggle perspective. Popper believes that although there are evidences and observable facts that could prove the three theories through experimentation, these experiments are not falsifiable and are therefore merely based on faith and subjective judgments. In the case of the Big Bang theory, it argues that the universe is expanding. The theory stated that the universe had started from an initial bang or explosion of a very dense material. The impact of the explosion, according to the theory, is still observable today. Evidences shows that the space was expanding as quasars and galaxies are perceived to shift in their perceivable wavelengths. Hubble assumed, with respect to his observations, that either the universe is moving away from a center were an explosion had originated or that the universe was in constant expansion. Unlike the three theories mentioned above, the Big Bang theory left space for debate and possible changes. The three previous theories would always hold true in past and future circumstances and would always have an explanation about the phenomena that they are concerned with (personality or human nature). On the other hand, the Big Bang theory may be false whenever a new discovery proves that a Big Bang had not occurred. Big Bang theory passed the falsifiable criterion set by Popper. References: Balashov, Y. & Rosenberg, (2002). A. Philosophy of Science Contemporary Readings. Routledge. Pages 294-300. Edwards, R. E. (2001). What Caused the Big Bang? New York; Rodopi B. V.

7 Solutions for Sentences with Problematic Parallels

7 Solutions for Sentences with Problematic Parallels 7 Solutions for Sentences with Problematic Parallels 7 Solutions for Sentences with Problematic Parallels By Mark Nichol 1. â€Å"The street is lined with boisterous sports bars, nail salons, and clothing boutiques. Some neighborhood, where nail salons and clothing boutiques can be described as boisterous. Do I misunderstand? I do, because when only the first of several items in a list is given an adjective, it is easily confused as applying to each item in the list. Either omit the adjective, or play fair and supply each item with its own: â€Å"The street is lined with elegant nail salons, trendy clothing boutiques, and boisterous sports bars.† 2. â€Å"The process would be confidential, voluntary, and the information would remain the property of the teachers.† The same rule applies for verbs. Either use a verb to apply to all items in a list, or attach a verb to each item. Or, in this case, combine the first two items into a combined item: â€Å"The process would be confidential and voluntary, and the information would remain the property of the teachers.† 3. â€Å"The so-called beer summit was photographed, discussed, and dissected on blogs, newscasts, and in barbershops and bars nationwide.† Let’s not forget prepositions. In a list, one preposition carries each item, or each has its own; there’s no middle ground: â€Å"The so-called beer summit was photographed, discussed, and dissected on blogs, during newscasts, and in barbershops and bars nationwide.† (For variety, try to use a different preposition for each item.) 4. â€Å"It would be safer to keep our bushy tree trimmed so that no would-be burglar could hide under it and buy a locked mailbox to help prevent identity theft.† Infinitives want equal standing, too. The original sentence implies that the would-be burglar might buy a locked mailbox after hiding under the bushy tree. The addition of a parallel infinitive after the conjunction linking the two parts of a sentence arrests this infelicity: â€Å"It would be safer to keep our bushy tree trimmed so that no would-be burglar could hide under it and to buy a locked mailbox to help prevent identity theft.† 5. â€Å"Legislation is often to blame, not because legislators are bad people but often they act on partial or misleading information.† Two reasons, one invalid and the other valid, are supplied in this sentence. Set them up separately, each with its own because: â€Å"Legislation is often to blame, not because legislators are bad people but because they often act on partial or misleading information.† 6. â€Å"The location features stifling heat, bacteria, polluted seas, lice, and bad cuisine.† If you’re going to modify one or most nouns in a list, go all the way and precede each with a pertinent adjective: â€Å"The location features stifling heat, gut-wrenching bacteria, polluted seas, itchy lice, and bad cuisine.† 7. â€Å"The afflictions are believed to include autism and learning and hyperactivity disorders.† Is learning a stand-alone item, or does disorders apply to it as well as to hyperactivity? You don’t know until you get to the end of the sentence, when it’s too late. The inclusion of a comma after autism prevents a stumble, and inserting â€Å"as well as† helps link the two remaining list items: â€Å"The afflictions are believed to include autism, as well as learning and hyperactivity disorders.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:85 Synonyms for â€Å"Help†Body Parts as Tools of Measurement50 Synonyms for â€Å"Villain†

Definition and Examples of Parsing in English Grammar

Definition and Examples of Parsing in English Grammar Parsing is a grammatical exercise that involves breaking down a text into its component parts of speech with an explanation of the form, function, and syntactic relationship of each part so that the text can be understood. The term parsing comes from the Latin pars for part (of speech). In contemporary linguistics, parsing usually refers to the computer-aided syntactic analysis of language. Computer programs that automatically add parsing tags to a text are called parsers. Key Takeaways: Parsing Parsing is the process of breaking down a sentence into its elements so that the sentence can be understood.Traditional parsing is done by hand, sometimes using sentence diagrams. Parsing is also involved in more complex forms of analysis such as discourse analysis and psycholinguistics. Parse Definition In linguistics, to parse means to break down a sentence into its component parts so that the meaning of the sentence can be understood. Sometimes parsing is done with the help of tools such as sentence diagrams (visual representations of syntactical constructions). When parsing a sentence, the reader takes note of the sentence elements and their parts of speech (whether a word is a noun, verb, adjective, etc.). The reader also notices other elements such as the verb tense (present tense, past tense, future tense, etc.). Once the sentence is broken down, the reader can use their analysis to interpret the meaning of the sentence. Some linguists draw a distinction between full parsing and skeleton parsing. The former refers to the full analysis of a text, including as detailed a description of its elements as possible. The latter refers to a simpler form of analysis used to grasp a sentences basic meaning. Traditional Methods of Parsing Traditionally, parsing is done by taking a sentence and breaking it down into different parts of speech. The words are placed into distinct grammatical categories, and then the grammatical relationships between the words are identified, allowing the reader to interpret the sentence. For example, take the following sentence: The man opened the door. To parse this sentence, we first classify each word by its part of speech: the (article), man (noun), opened (verb), the (article), door (noun). The sentence has only one verb (opened); we can then identify the subject and object of that verb. In this case, since the man is performing the action, the subject is man and the object is door. Because the verb is opened- rather than opens or will open- we know that the sentence is in the past tense, meaning the action described has already occurred. This example is a simple one, but it shows how parsing can be used to illuminate the meaning of a text. Traditional methods of parsing may or may not include sentence diagrams. Such visual aids are sometimes helpful when the sentences being analyzed are especially complex. Discourse Analysis Unlike simple parsing, discourse analysis refers to a broader field of study concerned with the social and psychological aspects of language. Those who perform discourse analysis are interested in, among other topics, genres of language (those with certain set conventions within different fields) and the relationships between language and social behavior, politics, and memory. In this way, discourse analysis goes far beyond the scope of traditional parsing, which is limited to that individual texts. Psycholinguistics Psycholinguistics is a field of study that deals with language and its relationship with psychology and neuroscience. Scientists who work in this field study the ways in which the brain processes language, transforming signs and symbols into meaningful statements. As such, they are primarily interested in the underlying processes that make traditional parsing possible. They are interested, for example, in how different brain structures facilitate language acquisition and comprehension. Computer-Assisted Parsing Computational linguistics is a field of study in which scientists have used a rules-based approach to develop computer models of human languages. This work combines computer science with cognitive science, mathematics, philosophy, and artificial intelligence. With computer-assisted parsing, scientists can use algorithms to perform text analysis. This is especially useful to scientists because, unlike traditional parsing, such tools can be used to quickly analyze large volumes of text, revealing patterns and other information that could not be easily obtained otherwise. In the emerging field of digital humanities, for example, computer-assisted parsing has been used to analyze the works of Shakespeare; in 2016, literary historians concluded from a computer analysis of the play that Christopher Marlowe was the co-author of Shakespeares Henry VI. One of the challenges of computer-assisted parsing is that computer models of language are rule-based, meaning scientists must tell algorithms how to interpret certain structures and patterns. In actual human language, however, such structures and patterns do not always share the same meanings, and linguists must analyze individual examples to determine the principles that govern them. Sources Dowty, David R., et al. Natural Language Parsing: Psychological, Computational and Theoretical Perspectives. Cambridge University Press, 2005.Halley, Ned. The Wordsworth Dictionary of Modern English: Grammar, Syntax and Style for the 21st Century. Wordsworth Editions, 2001.

Discuss the premise that cash is the 'essential commodity' of a Research Paper

Discuss the premise that cash is the 'essential commodity' of a business, that cash lubricates the business and allows operation - Research Paper Example Cash is particularly important for business because people and organizations will not be normally willing to accept anything other than cash in settlement of their claims against the business. This paper will specifically discuss the importance of cash management and cash planning in a business environment. Importance of Cash Financial experts indicate that cash is the ‘essential commodity’ of a business, that cash lubricates the business and allows operations to run efficiently. It is clear that cash is necessary to meet the day to day needs of a business. Evidently, a business firm cannot run its operations efficiently unless it has enough cash to pay its employees and debtors. In addition, adequate cash reserves are vital for business to invest in infrastructure and other expansion projects and to deal with unexpected contingencies. Experts opine that a firm’s cash flow is a key factor determining the long term success of the business. To illustrate, investors and shareholders give particular focus to the strength of cash reserves while evaluating financial position of a company. Clearly, companies lacking adequate cash reserves cannot offer attractive dividends to stakeholders and this condition in turn would adversely affect their long term sustainability. The intensity of market competition is very high today, and therefore firms need to significantly invest in business promotion in order to successfully confront competitors. If an organization does not have adequate funds to promote its business in the market, it will probably lose its market share to competitors and eventually the business may go out of the market. Importance of Cash Management and Planning As discussed already, cash is an ingredient element for business growth and therefore effective management and planning of cash is vital to ensure long term business success. Assuring sufficient funds as and when required is a potential challenge for financial managers in every or ganization. When an organization has sufficient funds to implement its business plans to address economic downturns, it can focus on its business operations confidently. On the other hand, when an organization struggling with inadequate cash flow, it is forced to review and modify its business plans. Under such circumstances, a firm cannot run its operations effortlessly. In the view of Williams, effective cash management is particularly important to maintain safe debt levels (n. p.). The financial management has to critically analyze the firm’s ability to repay debts before making a borrowing decision. Excess borrowing beyond the capacity of the organization will certainly affect the feasibility of the business even when the borrowing rates are low. Therefore, cash management is inevitable while dealing with debt financing. In addition, cash management plays a significant role in enabling effective utilization of money. As Nikolai et al. point out, cash management is particu larly concerned with the management’s ability to identify cash shortage problems before they arise and to develop potential strategies to resolve those issues recognized (317-318). Proper management of cash is crucial to ensure that the organization has sufficient funds to finance purchases and other expansion activities during the peak season. Thoughtful cash management is

Are Criminals Born or Made Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Are Criminals Born or Made - Essay Example In spite of the efforts in this direction, crimes continue to exist and it can be concluded that the crimes will continue to exist and this problem cannot be solved. In order to solve this problem, it becomes necessary that the cause of the crimes or the reason why people commit crimes need to be analysed. Traditionally crime has been considered as associated with two domains by the specialists. The domains are the nature or the environment of the individuals including the family and the peers of the individuals. However, it must be noted that these specialists belong to different fields of science as the complexity and dynamics of crime extends to different areas, which are difficult to comprehend. Therefore, the statement "Are criminals born, or made" can be considered as When reference is made to the science of criminology automatically, reference is made to different branches of science such as psychology, genetics, sociology etc. The main purpose of criminology is to deal with crimes and criminals and solve this social problem. The main approaches to deal with the problem of crimes and their resolution are the natural approach and the environmental approach. The environmental approach deals with the circumstances that made an individual to commit a crime and it does not consider the hereditary or family background of the criminal. Whereas the natural approach is sure that the nature of the criminal, his or her genes, and heredity are the main reasons that make him/her commit the crimes.